Motor for vehicles.



Patented Dec. 18-, I900. J. w. E |SENHUTH. MOTOR FOR VEHICLES.

(Application filed Jan. 25, 1900.\

(no Model.)

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WITNESSES .No. 664,018. Patented Dec. l8, I900.

J. W..E|SENHUTH.

MUTUR FUR VEHICLES. (Application filed Jan. 25, 1900.)

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet z.

WITNESSES //v VEN TOR 07777 VIZ'z'senhuih. zzww No. 664,0l8. Patented Dec. l8, I900.

J. w. EISENHUTH.

MOTOR FOR VEHICLES.

(Applicat' m d Jan. 25, 1900.)

oooooooo l ll n 'UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN W. EISENHUTH, OF NEW YORK, N. ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO MAMIE eREAD, OF SAME PLACE.

MOTOR Foe VEHICLES;

SPEdIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 664,018, dated December 18 1900.

Application filed. January 25, 1900. oerial No. 2,785. \llo model.;-

T a wlwm/ it m y O Z' Fig. 4: is a view in elevation, on a reduced Be it known that I, JOHN W. EISENHUTH, a scale, of the body or frame of the engine, parts citizen of the United States, residing at New being broken away. Fig. 5 is a similar view York, in the county of New York and State of theinner face of the piston fiy-wheel. Fig; 5 of New York, have invented certain new and 6 is a fragmentary sectional view through the useful Improvements in Motors for Vehicles; frame and piston fly-wheel on the plane indiand I do hereby declare the following to be a cated by the dotted line now of Fig. 2, through full, clear, and exact description of the inone of the recesses in the wheel and frame, vention, such as will enable others skilled in and an inlet-passage. Fig. 7 is a similar sec- IO the art to which it appertains to make and tional view through one of the recesses in the use the same. wheel and an exhaust-passage.

My invention relates to motors for the pro- Like numerals mark the same parts in all pulsion of vehicles or the actuation of mathe figures of the drawings. chinery of any kind, and more especially to Referring to the drawings by numerals, l [5 gas or other explosive motors especially de-- indicatesasuitable base upon whichis mountsigned for propelling automobiles. ed the main body or frame 2 of the engine,

The object of the invention is to improve said frame being vertical in position and cirthe construction of such engines or motors, cular in outline and provided with a laterallywhereby the greater part of the power genextending rim 3, an annular Wall or face 4, 2o erated is effectually utilized in driving the and a thin central diaphragm-like portion 5. motor. The main shaft is indicated at 6, journaled With this object in View my invention concentrally in the frame 2 and passing through sists in an improved motor of this class in suitable stuffing-boxes 7 8 to prevent leakwhich the explosive force actuates pistons to age from a central vaccum-chamber formed 25 rotate a shaft, the return strokes of the pis-. in a manner and by means hereinafter deton compressing the exploded gases into a scribed. suitable reservoir where the expansive power Splined or otherwise secured upon the shaft of such compressed gases is exerted upon 6 is a fly-wheel 9, which also serves the pursuitable resistances to accelerate the motion pose of a rotary piston-head, as hereinafter 30 or increase the power of the engine and the explained. This fly-wheel consists ofa heavy reciprocation of the pistons utilized to exouter rim, a thin diaphragm-like body porhaust the gases from the interior of' the ention, 10, and a hub 11, the outer rim being gine, thus attempting to create a vacuum, provided on one side with afiat face 12, which which further aids the operation. during the operation of the engine rotates in 35 My invention further consists in the imcontact with the face at of the, main body 2 of proved construction, combination, and arthe engine, being held from too great friction rangement of the various parts of an engine thereon by means of ballbearings 13 beof this general class, which will be fully detween the main body of the engine and the scribed hereinafter and afterward specifically inner end of the hub 11. Similar ball-bear- 4o pointed out in the appended claims. ings 14 on the outer end of the hub 11 serve In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is to prevent friction between that end of the a view in side elevation of an engine conhub and the collar 15. In assembling the structed in accordance with my invention. parts of the engine hereinbefore described a Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on. ring 16 is threaded into the rim 3. Asecond 45 the plane indicated by the broken line 2 2 of ring 17 is threaded into the ring 16, andsuit- Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view in side elevation of able ball-bearings 1S interpose between the the piston fly-wheel, parts being broken away inner face of said ring 17 and the piston flyto show part of the frame of the engine bewheel 9. A disk 19 is now threaded into the hind the wheel, recesses and passages in the ring 17, which disk forms one wall of the 50 frame being shown in dotted lines and those vacuum chamber, hereinbefore referred to, in the piston fly-wheel in dot-and-dash lines. the shaft 6 being journaled in this disk and 65; to register with each other periodically.

the stuffing-box 8, before mentioned, being located at this journal. The collar is used to take up wear on the ball-bearings at the hub of the wheel 9, being threaded upon the hub of the disk 19 and adjustable by means of a spanner operated through curved slots 20 in said disk.

21 indicates brackets secured to and projecting laterally from the diaphragm 5 of the main body of the engine, which brackets serve to support the guides 22 for shoes 23 of piston-rods 24 of pistons 25, which work in cylinders 26, 27, and 28, secured in radial positions to the frame of the engine, the pistonrods being connected by pitmen 29 to a single crank 30 on the shaft 6. Similar brackets 31, secured to the disk 19, support guides for the shoes of piston-rods of piston-heads 33, working in cylinders 34, 35, and 36, secured to the opposite side of the engine in radial positions alternating with the cylinders 26, 27, and 28, heretofore described, the piston-rods 32 being connected by pitmen 37 to a single crank 38 on the shaft 6.

\Vhile I have described six cylinders, arranged three on each side of the engine, I desire it to be understood that the number may be varied and more or less may be used, if desired.

The piston-rods and piston-heads of all the cylinders are preferably made hollow, with their projecting ends left open to the atmosphere, whereby their temperature is kept somewhat reduced in operation. Inwardlyopening valves 39 are provided to afford communication between the inner ends of the cylinders and the interior of the pistons and piston-heads, as clearly shown in the sectional illustration of the cylinder 26 in Fig. 2.

40 indicates inlet pipes provided with check-valves 41, through which pipes a mixture of gas and air-is conducted into the cylinders from any suitable supply under pressure. 2 indicates pipes provided with checkvalves 43, said pipes affording communica tion between the outer ends of the cylinders and a circular storagechamber 44, secured on the circumference of the main body of the engine. indicates passages leading from said storage-chamber into the recesses 46,

formed in the face 4 of the main body of the engine, said recesses having radial walls 47 at one end and inclined Walls 48 at the other.

49 indicates recesses formed in the flat face 12 of the piston fly-wheel 9, which recesses are arranged at the same distances from the shaft as the recesses 46, whereby during the rotation of the wheel 9 its recesses and those in the main body of the engine will be caused Alternating with the recesses 46 in the same circle are elongated discharge-ports 50, which lead from the face 4 into the vacuum-chamber 51, hereinbet'ore mentioned.

It will be observed by inspection of Figs. 2 and 3 that I have arranged six recesses 46 and six recesses 49 in two concentric circular series, discharge-ports 5O alternating with the recesses in each circle. It will be understood, however, that the number of recesses and ports may be varied, that they may be all arranged in one circle, or that they may be arranged in more than two circles, if desired. In said view, Fig. 3, those recesses and ports in the face 4 of the main body of the engine which are not shown in full lines are indicated in dotted lines, while those recesses in the face 12 of the wheel are indicated by dotand-dash lines 52 indicates passages provided with checkvalves 53, leading from the vacuum-chamber 51 into the inner ends of the cylinders. In some instances I dispense with this communication by means of passages 52 and 53 between the vacuum-cham her and the cylinders and provide, as specifically shown in connection with cylinder 36 in Fig. 2, a pipe 54, provided with a check-valve 55 and leading, as at 56, to tanks or reservoirs (not shown) or by a branch pipe 57 into the annular storage-chain her, said pipe 57 being provided with an ordinary valve 58. In this construction valves 59, opening outwardly from the hollow piston-head into the cylinder, are substituted for valves 39 in the other cylinders.

In the operation of myinvention the air and gas mixture is introduced into the outer end of the cylinder through the pipe 40 and exploded by any suitable igniter, as at 40, the piston of said cylinder being forced inwardly through the medium of its piston-rod, pitmen, and crank rotating the shaft 6, carrying the rotary piston fly-wheel with it. The several pistons being actuated successively, a continuous rotative force will be exerted upon the shaft, the crank during such rotation carrying the pistons upward on their return stroke. During this return stroke of the piston the contents of the cylinder are forced out through pipes 42 and compressed into the annular chamber 44. The piston fly-wheel 9 being carried around with the shaft, its recesses 49 are successively brought into register with the recesses 46 in the face 4 of the main body of the engine. At this point the compressed contents of the annular chamber 44 pass through the inlet-passages 45 into these registering recesses, and the radial walls 47 of the recesses, acting as abutments, will receive the expansive force ofthe gases admitted, thereby accelerating the motion of the piston fly-wheel. The further rotation of the piston fly-wheel brings its recesses 49 into register with the discharge-ports 50, through which the contents of these recesses are exhausted into the vacuum-chamber 51. As before stated, this vacuumchamber communicates by means of passages 52 with the inner ends of the cylinders, and during the return stroke of the piston the contents of the vacuum-chamber are pumped into the inner ends of the cylinders through these passages. Dnring the next forward stroke of the pistons the contents of the inner ends of the scribed.

cylinders thus pumped from the vacuum chamber 51 are discharged through valves 39 and the hollow piston and rod into the outer atmosphere.

In the construction illustrated with reference to cylinder 36 in Fig. 2 the outward or return stroke of the piston admits air through the hollow piston-rod and valves 59 into the inner end of the cylinder, from which such air during the inward or forward stroke of the piston is forced through pipe 54 and compressed in tanks (not shown) or through pipe 54 and its branch 57 and compressed into the annular compression-chamber 44. By means of this construction a continuous rotative force is exerted upon the shaft, as before de- When the gas in the cylinder is ignited, which takes place just after the piston has started on its inward stroke, the direct force of the explosion is exerted to drive the piston inward and anysurplus explosive force is transmitted through check-valves 43 and pipes 42 into the storage-chamber and the exploded gas in the cylinder is forced through the said valve and pipe into the storage-chamber by the return stroke of the piston. The surplus expansive force and the power exerted by the pistons on their return strokes compress the gases in the circular storagechamber 44:. From this chamber the expansive force is applied almost at the circumference of the piston fiy-wheel to increase the speed and power of its rotation. The recesses in the wheel are continuously exhausted into the vacuum-chamber, the pumping force of the return stroke of the pistons maintaining a partial vacuum in said chamber and creating a continuous inward suction to facilitate the instant exhausting of the recesses when in register with the exhaust-passages or discharge-ports in the mainbody of the engine. It will be observed that all the parts are so constructed and rendered adjustable that all wear may be taken up and friction reduced to a minimum.

While I have specifically described the construction of the various parts of my improved invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that many material changes might be made in the form thereof without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In an engine the combination with a shaft, a crank thereon, a piston connected to said crank and a cylinder in which said piston reciprocates, of a circular storage-chamber, a pipe communicating between the outer end of the cylinder and said storage-chamber, a check-valve therein, a pipe for delivering the explosive mixture into said end of the cylinder, and a rotary or wheel piston having recesses which are periodically brought into communication with the storage-chamber, substantially as described.

2. In an engine the combination with the face of the body, in which face of the wheel are formed recesses similar to those in the main body and adapted to be brought periodically into register therewith during the rotation of the wheel, said recesses being each formed with one end wall inclined and the other in a radial plane, an exhaust-passage being formed through the main body of the engine in position to register periodically with the recesses in the wheel, substantially as described.

3. In an engine provided with a central vacuum chamber, a surrounding storagechamber, and means for filling the storagechamber, the combination with the main frame having recesses in one face thereof, inlet-passages from the storage-chamber to saidrecesses, and an exhaust-passage extending from the face of the frameinto the vacuum-chamber, of a wheel provided with recesses similar to those in the face of the frame, and arranged to be brought alternately into register with a body-recess and an exhaustpassage by the rotation of the wheel, and means for pumping out the vacuum-chamber, substantially as described.

4. In an engine provided with a central vacuum -chamber, a surrounding storagechamber and means for filling the storagechamber, the combination with the main frame having recesses in one face thereof, inlet-passages from the storage-chamber to said recesses, and an exhaust-passage extending from the face of the frame into the vacuumchamber, of a wheel provided with recesses similar to those in the face of the frame, and arranged to be brought alternately into register with a body-recess and an exhaust-passage by the rotation of the wheel, radiallyarranged cylinders secured to the frame having communication between their inner ends and the vacuum-chamber, and pistons in the cylinders arranged to pump out the vacuumchamber during their return stroke, substantially as described.

5. In an engine the combination with the main frame thereof circular in outline and provided with a central bearing, a flat face on the inside near the periphery anda laterally-extending rim, of a shaft journaled in the central bearing, a piston fly-wheel splined on the shaft and provided with a flat face adapted to rotate in contact with the flat face of the frame a ring threaded into the rim of the body, an inner ring threaded into the ring aforesaid and a disk threaded into the inner ring and provided with a central bearing for the shaft, substantially as described.

6. In an engine the combination with the main frame thereof circular in outline and provided with a central hearing, a flat face on the inside near the periphery and a laterallyextending rim, of a shaft journaled in the central bearing, a piston fly-wheel splined on the shaft and provided with a flat face and adapt- 'ed to rotate in contact with the flat face of the frame, a ring threaded into the rim of the body, an inner ring threaded into the ring aforesaid, a disk threaded in the said inner ring and provided with an inner bearing for the shaft and curved slots, a collar threaded on the inner side of the disk and exposed through said slots for adjustment, ball-bearings between the inner ring and the piston fly-wheel, between the hub of the fly-wheel and the central bearing of the frame, and between the hub of the fly-wheel and the inner ring, the hub-bearings beingadj usted by tu rning the collar by means of a tool inserted through the curved slots, substantially as described.

7. The combination in an engine with the frame thereof of a series of radially-arranged cylinders, a shaft, pistons in the cylinders connected up with said shaft, a rotary piston head or wheel on said shaft, expansive means for actuating the radial pistons on their inmain body thereof provided with a vacuumchamber, ashaftjournaled in said main body, a rotary piston head or wheel splined on the shaft and provided with recesses to receive compressed fluids for actuating the pistonwheel, said recesses being arranged to communicate periodically with the vacuum-chamber, cylinders mounted upon the frame of the engine and communicating with the vacuum chamber, pistons in said cylinders connected to a crank on the shaft whereby the rotation of the shaft causes the return stroke of said pistons, thereby pumping out the vacuunichamber, substantially as described. I

9. In an engine provided with a vacuumchamber the combination with the frame of the engine of a cylinder mounted thereon having communication between its inner end and the vacuum-chamber, a hollow piston-head in the cylinder, a hollow piston-rod connected with said head projecting through the end of the cylinder and open to the atmosphere, and valves opening from the inner end of the cylinder into the hollow piston rod and head whereby, by the reciprocation of the piston the contents of the vacuum-chamber are pumped out and discharged into the atmosphere, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN W. EISENI-IUTH. \Vitnesses:

VAN BUREN LAMB, GEORGE W. BLAIR. 

